To come as a visitor, worker, or student you need a travel document that stays valid for your whole authorized stay, does not forbid travel to Canada, and will get you back into the country that issued it. Americans are exempt, as are US permanent residents and residents of Greenland arriving from those places. A passport that expires mid-visit is a problem to fix before you board, not after.
(1)In addition to the other requirements of these Regulations, a foreign national seeking to become a temporary resident must hold one of the following documents that is valid for the period authorized for their stay: (a)a passport that was issued by the country of which the foreign national is a citizen or national, that does not prohibit travel to Canada and that the foreign national may use to enter the country of issue; (b)a travel document that was issued by the country of which the foreign national is a citizen or national, that does not prohibit travel to Canada and that the foreign national may use to enter the country of issue; (c)an identity or travel document that was issued by a country, that does not prohibit travel to Canada, that the foreign national may use to enter the country of issue and that is of the type issued by that country to non-national residents, refugees or stateless persons who are unable to obtain a passport or other travel document from their country of citizenship or nationality or who have no country of citizenship or nationality; (d)a laissez-passer that was issued by the United Nations; (e)a passport or travel document that was issued by the Palestinian Authority; (f)a document that was issued by the Organization of American States and is entitled “Official Travel Document”; (g)a passport issued by the United Kingdom to a British Overseas Citizen; (h)a passport issued by the United Kingdom to a British National (Overseas), as a person born, naturalized or registered in Hong Kong; (i)a passport issued by the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China; (j)a passport issued by the United Kingdom to a British Subject; or (k)a laissez-passer that was issued by the European Union.
(1.1)[Repealed, SOR/2003-260, s. 1]
(3)[Repealed, SOR/2010-54, s. 3]