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Criminal Code

s. 286.1 Obtaining Sexual Services for Consideration

Obtaining sexual services for consideration

  • Sexual Offences
  • Sexual Offences
Maximum sentence
5 years (indictable, subsec. 286.1(1)) / 2 years less a day (summary) / 10 years (person under 18, subsec. 286.1(2), indictable only)
Classification
Hybrid

Last verified: June 2026 · Source: laws-lois.justice.gc.ca

The law says

Criminal Code s. 286.1
Verify on justice.gc.ca(opens in a new tab)
  • (1)Everyone who, in any place, obtains for consideration, or communicates with anyone for the purpose of obtaining for consideration, the sexual services of a person is guilty of (a) an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than five years and a minimum punishment of, (i) in the case where the offence is committed in a public place, or in any place open to public view, that is or is next to a park or the grounds of a school or religious institution or that is or is next to any other place where persons under the age of 18 can reasonably be expected to be present, (A) for a first offence, a fine of $2,000, and (B) for each subsequent offence, a fine of $4,000, or (ii) in any other case, (A) for a first offence, a fine of $1,000, and (B) for each subsequent offence, a fine of $2,000; or
  • (b)an offence punishable on summary conviction and liable to a fine of not more than $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term of not more than two years less a day, or to both, and to a minimum punishment of, (i) in the case referred to in subparagraph (a)(i), (A) for a first offence, a fine of $1,000, and (B) for each subsequent offence, a fine of $2,000, or (ii) in any other case, (A) for a first offence, a fine of $500, and (B) for each subsequent offence, a fine of $1,000.
  • (2)Everyone who, in any place, obtains for consideration, or communicates with anyone for the purpose of obtaining for consideration, the sexual services of a person under the age of 18 years is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than 10 years and to a minimum punishment of imprisonment for a term of (a) for a first offence, six months; and
  • (b)for each subsequent offence, one year.
  • (3)In determining, for the purpose of subsection (2), whether a convicted person has committed a subsequent offence, if the person was earlier convicted of any of the following offences, that offence is to be considered as an earlier offence:
  • (a)an offence under that subsection; or
  • (b)an offence under subsection 212(4) of this Act, as it read from time to time before the day on which this subsection comes into force.
  • (4)In determining, for the purposes of this section, whether a convicted person has committed a subsequent offence, the only question to be considered is the sequence of convictions and no consideration shall be given to the sequence of commission of offences, whether any offence occurred before or after any conviction or whether offences were prosecuted by indictment or by way of summary conviction proceedings.
  • (5)For the purposes of this section, place and public place have the same meaning as in subsection 197(1).
Amendment History (2)
  • 2014, c. 25, s. 20
  • 2019, c. 25, s. 108

Justice Laws is the authoritative version. If this copy and it ever differ, Justice Laws wins.

Immigration

Where this offence sits under IRPA

Subsection 286.1(1) makes it a crime to pay for sexual services, or to talk with anyone in order to buy them. It is hybrid. On indictment, the top sentence is 5 years. IRPA s.36(3)(a) treats it as indictable. So a conviction is criminality under s.36(2), not serious criminality. Subsection 286.1(2) covers the same conduct when the person selling is under 18. It must be charged by indictment, and the top sentence is 10 years. That meets the at-least-10-years test in s.36(1)(a). So it is serious criminality, and no deemed rehabilitation is available. The route is a record suspension for a conviction in Canada (s.36(3)(b)), or an application to be found rehabilitated for one outside Canada (s.36(3)(c)). Both subsections also carry minimum fines or jail terms. That means a discharge under s.730 is not available for either one.

This is how the law sorts the offence, not a reading of any one record. An officer decides each case.

IRPA sections involved