Skip to main content
Canada offers permanent residence through several major pathways: Express Entry (a points-based system managing FSW, CEC, and FST applications under IRPA s.11.2, where IRCC generally targets a 6-month service standard for complete applications), Provincial Nominee Programs (eleven provinces and territories nominate workers for regional needs, adding 600 CRS points for Express Entry-linked streams), and family sponsorship. The Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) score determines priority in Express Entry; cut-offs change with every draw. ClearToEnter provides free tools to calculate your CRS score, find matching programs, and screen your admissibility. Confirm current details on canada.ca.
🏠

Immigrate to Canada

Express Entry, Provincial Nominee Programs, family sponsorship, find the right pathway and understand every step.

Last verified: June 2026 · Source: IRCC, IRPA, IRPR

Free · No Account · 2 Minutes

Explore your admissibility and find your pathway

Our free explorer checks your eligibility against IRPA criteria and points you to the right program.

Start Free Explorer

What is Express Entry?

Express Entry (IRPA s.11.2) is Canada's primary system for managing permanent residence applications under three federal economic programs. IRCC holds regular draws, sometimes weekly, issuing Invitations to Apply (ITAs) to candidates with the highest CRS scores.

No Canadian exp. required

Federal Skilled Worker (FSW)

For skilled workers outside Canada. No Canadian experience required. Requires CLB 7+, 1+ year skilled work, and education credentials assessed by a designated organization.

Fastest to PR (~6 months)

Canadian Experience Class (CEC)

For workers already in Canada. Requires 1 year of skilled Canadian work experience (TEER 0–3) in the past 3 years and meeting language requirements.

For tradespeople

Federal Skilled Trades (FST)

For qualified tradespeople. Requires 2 years of skilled trades experience, a valid job offer or certificate of qualification, and language requirements.

FSW vs CEC vs FST: Quick Comparison

FactorFSWCECFST
Canadian exp. requiredNoYes (1 year)No (job offer/cert)
Language minimumCLB 7CLB 7 (TEER 1) / CLB 5 (TEER 2–3)CLB 5
ECA requiredYesNoNo
CRS cut-offVaries by drawVaries by drawVaries (FST-specific draws are rare)

Free Immigration Tools

No account required. All tools use official IRCC data.

Canada Immigration Guides

Detailed walkthroughs based on IRCC policy and IRPA/IRPR regulations.

How do I apply for permanent residence in Canada?

The process depends on your pathway. Here's how Express Entry works, the fastest route for most economic immigrants:

  1. 1

    Check eligibility

    Verify you meet requirements for FSW, CEC, or FST. Key factors: language scores (CLB), education, work experience, age.

  2. 2

    Get your documents ready

    Language test results (IELTS/CELPIP/TEF), Educational Credential Assessment (FSW), proof of work experience, valid passport.

  3. 3

    Create your Express Entry profile

    Submit your profile online at IRCC. Your CRS score is calculated automatically. You enter the Express Entry pool.

  4. 4

    Wait for an Invitation to Apply (ITA)

    IRCC holds draws regularly (often every 2 weeks). If your CRS score meets the cut-off, you receive an ITA.

  5. 5

    Submit your complete PR application

    You have 60 days to submit a complete application after receiving an ITA. Include all supporting documents.

  6. 6

    Receive your Confirmation of PR (COPR)

    IRCC targets a 6-month service standard for complete applications. Upon approval, you receive a COPR and become a permanent resident.

Immigration Overview · $79.99 CAD

Your Permanent Residence Overview

Get a custom Immigration Overview: your estimated CRS score, which programs you may qualify for, possible routes to PR, and a step-by-step educational plan that points you to official IRCC processing-time references.

  • Express Entry CRS score analysis
  • PNP streams matched to your profile
  • Government fee overview (confirm on IRCC)
  • Processing-time references by pathway
Get My Breakdown

Frequently Asked Questions: Immigrating to Canada

What is Express Entry?
Express Entry (authorized under IRPA s.11.2) is Canada's points-based system for managing permanent residence applications under three federal economic programs: Federal Skilled Worker (FSW), Canadian Experience Class (CEC), and Federal Skilled Trades (FST). Candidates create a profile and are ranked by CRS score. IRCC holds regular draws, sometimes every 2 weeks, and issues Invitations to Apply (ITAs) to the highest-scoring candidates. IRCC generally targets a 6-month service standard for complete applications; actual times vary.
What CRS score do I need to get an ITA?
The minimum CRS cut-off changes with every draw and varies widely. Category-based draws (such as healthcare and social services, STEM, French, trades, and education) often cut off lower than general draws. A provincial nomination adds 600 CRS points, which generally results in an invitation in a subsequent general draw. Use the free CRS Calculator to estimate your score and check the official draw history on canada.ca to see where you would stand.
What is a Provincial Nominee Program (PNP)?
Provincial Nominee Programs (PNPs) let Canadian provinces and territories nominate foreign nationals based on regional labour needs. Eleven provinces and territories run PNPs (Quebec and Nunavut do not). Two streams exist: Enhanced PNP (linked to Express Entry, nomination adds 600 CRS points) and Base PNP (paper-based, separate from Express Entry). Each province runs its own streams. Popular programs include Ontario's OINP, British Columbia's BC PNP, and Alberta's AAIP. Provincial processing times vary, confirm current estimates on canada.ca.
How long does permanent residence take?
Timeline depends on the pathway and changes frequently. For Express Entry, IRCC generally targets a 6-month service standard for complete applications received after an ITA. Enhanced PNP (Express Entry-linked) adds provincial nomination processing before the federal stage, and Base PNP (paper-based) is generally slower. Family sponsorship timelines vary. Actual times depend on application volume and completeness, check the official processing-times tool on canada.ca for current estimates.

Explore Other Pathways